When Cow was knocked down in the developing wing, driven by MS1096-Gal4, which is expressed in the entire wing pouch region in the wing disc, ectopic chemosensory bristles developed along or near the wing margin, on both the anterior and posterior sides. In contrast, ubiquitous overexpression of Cow or human Testican-2 caused the loss of chemosensory bristles along the wing margin and extra wing vein tissue. The extra wing vein phenotype has not been reported for Wg signaling, suggesting that Cow has additional functions beyond influencing Wg. The cell fate of wing margin chemosensory bristles is determined by Wg signaling, and ectopic chemosensory bristles were also observed upon overexpression of the Wg receptor DFz2. Thus, for the wing margin chemosensory bristles, the loss of function of cow produces a phenotype Flumethasone similar to enhanced Wg signaling, whereas gain of function of Cow gives a phenotype similar to loss of Wg. This is in contrast to the embryonic segmentation phenotype, where loss of cow and wg caused similar denticle belt fusion phenotypes. Consistent with the lack of genetic interaction with the Hh pathway in the embryonic phenotype, neither GOF nor LOF of cow caused changes in the wing L3�CL4 intervein area, which is regulated by Hh signaling and by Dlp. Although both neur and sens are viewed as high threshold Wg target genes, they appear to require different levels of Wg for their activation, and sens expression is broader than neur expression. In particular, neur is only activated within and immediately adjacent to the ectopic Raltegravir Wg-expressing clone, whereas sens can be activated several cells away. In addition, sens expression occurs earlier than neur in the same cell. All of these findings suggest that sens responds to a lower level of Wg than neur. Therefore, we suggest that neur is a shortrange target and that sens is an intermediate-range target. The measurements of Wg and Cow mobility were performed using endogenous Wg and Cow. Therefore, the true mobility of Wg and Cow, without the presence of the other, has not been determined.