These findings indicate that skin can be a good alternative source of progenitor cells for the study of development and differentiation. Recently, Dyce et al. reported that stem cells from fetal porcine skin can express germ cell markers and form oocyte-like cells in vitro. They demonstrated that newborn mouse skinderived stem cells are capable of differentiating into oocyte-like cells and forming BRL 50481 oocytes after transplantation of cell aggregates into immunodeficient mice. These findings suggest that skinderived stem cells can differentiate into germ cells and this may be useful for anti-aging treatment. Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells are primitive, unique, multipotent stem cells. Apart from their multilineage differentiation ability, SMSCs have inherent host compatibility, immunosuppressive ability, susceptibility to gene modification, and extensive capacity for in vitro expansion. Here, female skinderived mesenchymal stem cells and male skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells from red fluorescent protein transgenic adult mice were used to determine the impact of cell transplantation on female reproductive function using a preclinical mouse model of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure. The present work is the first to demonstrate that SMSCs can be grafted into the ovaries of chemotherapy-treated mice and restore ovarian function. differentiation ability, SMSCs have inherent host compatibility, immunosuppressive ability, susceptibility to gene modification, and extensive capacity for in vitro expansion. Here, female skinderived mesenchymal stem cells and male skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells from red fluorescent protein transgenic adult mice were used to determine the impact of cell transplantation on female reproductive function using a preclinical mouse model of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure. The present work is the first to demonstrate that SMSCs can be grafted into the ovaries of chemotherapy-treated mice and restore ovarian function. bone marrow cells did not contribute to the formation of mature, ovulated oocytes. These cells, instead, migrated to the ovary via blood circulation and exhibited a blood leukocyte-like phenotype. Recently, it has also been shown that new fertilizable oocytes could not be obtained from transplanted bone marrow cells in a mouse model treated with chemotherapeutic agents or with bovine embryonic ovarian tissue grafts. This is the first report to show that RFP transgenic cells were detected in the stroma of recipient ovaries, mostly in the ARP 101 granulosa cells around the oocytes. AMH was used as the cell marker for granulosa cells because the members of the transforming growth factor b superfamily are highly expressed in granulosa cells of the preantral and small antral follicles in the ovary. Double staining for RFP and AMH was performed to assess the survival and differentiation of the transplanted SMSCs.