In the case of rs6824447, those subjects with the AA genotype who consumed sunflower oil had higher HOMA_IR values than those who consumed olive oil, whereas these values fell very significantly in the carriers of the minor allele who consumed sunflower oil, there being no variation in the subjects who consumed olive oil. Although the few studies on the nutritional regulation of Elovl6 expression focus on the role of PUFA, the effect noted in our study via the MUFA could indirectly reflect the reduction in the levels of PUFA, which in the end would result in a change in the proportion of certain fatty acids, thus affecting the maintenance of lipid homeostasis. This is the first study to examine the association between genetic variation of the ELOVL6 gene and insulin sensitivity in humans,Sparstolonin B measured by HOMA as well as hyperinsulinemia at 120 minutes after the OGTT. The causes of postprandial hyperglycemia are influenced by many factors which include a rapid flux of glucose from the gut, impaired insulin release, endogenous glucose production by the liver and peripheral insulin resistance. Our results are in line with those found in animal models and in vitro studies,Ximelagatran in which less enzyme activity is associated with better insulin sensitivity. In addition, this study also shows the effect that diet can have on gene function, as was shown in the studies of Matsuzaka and Wang. The strength of this study lies in its prospective nature, with results that were consistent both cross-sectionally and prospectively. These results show that genetic variations in the ELOVL6 gene influence insulin sensitivity in humans. Nevertheless, an important limitation of the study concerns the choice of the SNPs, as these are in linkage disequilibrium with others that could, in fact, account for our findings. Thus, a more profound study of the gene is required in order to detect possible functional variants. The lack of information about the functionality of the genetic variants impedes conclusions from our study as to whether the minor alleles of the SNPs studied are associated with more or less enzyme activity.