For this reason we are continuing to follow our UC patients after colectomy to determine whether any of these patients are diagnosed subsequently as Crohn’s disease. We also plan to begin analyzing disease unaffected ileal samples collected from patients undergoing colectomy for Crohn’s colitis to determine whether there is any overlap in the ileal signature for ileal CD and Crohn’s colitis. In summary, we have identified potential biomarkers for ileal CD phenotype in the macroscopically disease unaffected proximal margin of resected ileum from ileal CD subjects. These results provide evidence for convergent molecular abnormalities in the macroscopically disease unaffected proximal margin of resected ileum from ileal CD subjects. A circadian rhythm, defined as an endogenously generated 24- hour-periodic VE-821 ATM/ATR inhibitor oscillation, is found in most of living organisms from bacteria to human. Since all living things on the earth are influenced by the cycle of the sun, the robustness and the modulation of the self-sustained rhythm are important for efficiency of physiological processes and a quality of the life. The generation mechanism of the circadian rhythm has been mainly studied at the transcriptional and the post-translational level. Recent studies have been reported that post-transcriptional regulation is important for fine-tuning of the circadian rhythm. A few studies identified internal ribosomal entry site – mediated translation modulated by RNA-binding proteins that play a role as IRES trans-acting factors with binding to IRES-containing 59-UTR of clock gene mRNA. Several other studies showed mRNA degradation by RNA-binding proteins with their binding to 39-UTR of clock gene mRNA; therefore, these studies suggested that post-transcriptional regulation can modulate the amplitude and the phase of the circadian oscillation. Although relatively mild alteration might be derived by post-transcriptional regulation, it is important to understand how the rhythm is controlled in response to various external conditions. It has been shown that Src-family members, including c-Src, Lck and c-Yes, were expressed in the retina, and Srcfamily tyrosine kinases have been shown to be activated in the retina on photic stimulation. At present, it is not clear which circadian regulated tyrosine kinases and phosphatases are involved in HNRNPQ phosphorylation. To further clarify the relationship between mPer1 mRNA and HNRNPQ with overall circadian system, it would be valuable to find the protein kinase and phosphatase responsible for HNRNPQ phosphorylation. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Recent data estimated that 43,140 new cases were diagnosed, with approximately 36,800 associated deaths in 2010. Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at the advanced stages with local invasion and remote metastasis, making surgical resection difficult and less effective. For the development of therapeutics, it is of great significance to identify the signaling molecules that are specifically used in tumor invasion.